The Anthropocene – Controversies Over a New Epoch
Should the Anthropocene be formalised as a new epoch - marking the end of the Holocene - or rather be considered as a geological event?
Denys Gromov | Pexels
An ongoing debate in the geoscientific community revolves around the question whether to formalise the Anthropocene as new geological epoch/series or to define it as a geological event instead.
Since its formation in 2009, the Anthropocene Working Group (AWG) has been evaluating data on anthropogenic impact on the Earth System to scientifically formalise the Anthropocene as a new geological epoch. Following the standards set by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS), this definition of a new epoch, as stratigraphically distinct from the previous Holocene, requires a basis in the form of a so-called ‘golden spike’ (GSSP) – a clear signal that can be globally measured to mark the transition from one geological epoch to another. The AWG’s work yielded strong evidence for a beginning of the Anthropocene during the ‘Great Acceleration’ in the mid-20th century. Geological strata from this period of industrialisation and globalisation contain a number of geological proxy signals, the sharpest one being a global increase of artificial radionuclides caused by the thermonuclear bomb tests in the early 1950s. A majority of the AWG’s members propose to base a formalisation of the Anthropocene epoch on these findings.
But not all scientists agree. Some members of the AWG suggest that a more practical approach would be to designate the Anthropocene as a geological event rather than a new epoch. This controversial proposal is currently discussed within the AWG and the geoscientific community, and it concerns issues of yet broader significance for the Anthropocene discourse. The question whether we are now living in an epoch distinctly and irreversibly marked by human impact on the planet comes with social, political and cultural implications as well – all of which are at stake in the debate.
To find out more, see the selected publications below.
Wikimedia Commons
The Anthropocene - An Epoch marked by drastic human impacts on the Earth System